Antonio Guterres appeals world leaders to use General Assembly’s high-level week to pursue de-escalation, dialogue across Middle East
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres warned on Tuesday that Israeli violence, displacement and illegal settlement expansion in the occupied West Bank are undermining prospects for peace and raising the risk of “ethnic cleansing.”
“Violence, displacement, and settlement expansion by Israel in the occupied West Bank are bulldozing the path to peace and raising the specter of ethnic cleansing,” Guterres said in an address to the 81st UN General Assembly in New York.
“We cannot allow the two-state solution to disappear before our eyes,” he added.
Guterres said the devastating situation in the occupied Palestinian territories must not be overlooked amid the broader turmoil engulfing the Middle East.
He described the Oct. 7, 2023 attacks by Hamas as “abhorrent” but said they were followed by “an onslaught on Palestinians in Gaza, with a scale of killing and destruction unlike anything I’ve witnessed in my years as secretary-general.”
He recalled that the International Court of Justice had issued legally binding provisional measures in the case concerning the application of the Genocide Convention in the Gaza Strip.
The UN chief also referred to an advisory opinion issued by the court, saying the UN must be allowed to carry out its mandates in Gaza and that its staff and humanitarian personnel must be protected.
“All parties must comply with international law and the court’s orders,” he stressed.
Appeal for de-escalation
Turning to the wider region, Guterres said conflicts were “cascading” across the Middle East, while so-called ceasefires had amounted to “little more than lesser fires,” with civilians continuing to bear the cost.
“I appeal to the leaders in this chamber to maximize this high-level week for de-escalation and dialogue,” he said.
Guterres urged the international community to send a clear message that the fighting must end, humanitarian assistance must be allowed to flow, and navigational rights and freedoms must be fully restored in line with international law.
On Ukraine, Guterres said Russia’s war had subjected a sovereign country to “a brutal war in blatant violation” of the UN Charter.
He described the conflict in Sudan as “a war on civilians,” pointing to mass displacement, hunger, attacks on hospitals and homes, sexual violence and ethnically driven attacks.
The UN chief also said that Myanmar’s crisis risked slipping from global attention.
He called for reform of the UN Security Council, saying: “A 21st-century Security Council without permanent African seats is unjust and indefensible.”
AI requires global oversight
Guterres said today power was increasingly derived from data, computing capacity and algorithms, while control of those resources was highly concentrated.
“The danger is not technology. The danger is technology without accountability, capability without oversight, decision-making without transparency,” he said.
Countries with the greatest AI capabilities also carry the greatest responsibilities, he said, urging them to share information on emerging safety risks, cooperate on testing and work toward common safeguards.
Guterres called for a multilateral AI risk-management framework supported by credible and independent oversight, while ensuring that no country is left behind.
“Artificial intelligence must be shaped by humanity, with humanity, and for all humanity,” he said, adding that “children must never become the test subjects for unregulated systems.”
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